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01568_Field_106.cap.txt
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1996-03-14
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@
Louis Leakey is
remembered for
his contribution
to anthropology,
but he was also
a linguist, an
authority on the
Kikuyu tribe of
Kenya and hand-
writing expert.
His contribution
to Kenyan and to
world culture
was unique
#
Leakey was born
into a missionary
family who settled
in Kenya during
British rule. He
grew up with
black children, and
so spoke Kikuyu
better than he did
English. After he
graduated from an
English university
he went back to
Kenya to begin his
lifelong study of
pre-history
#
In the nineteenth
century Charles
Darwin had argued
that humans were
descended from
apes. Since then,
scientists have
wanted to find
evidence to prove
who our ancestors
are and, as far as
is possible after
so many thousands
of years, how they
lived their lives
#
In the Twenties anthropology had been astonished by the discoveries
of Raymond Dart. Digging in South Africa, Dart uncovered fossils which
seemed to confirm an early evolutionary relationship between apes
and human beings
#
Leakey worked in
East Africa for
over 40 years.
He made several
discoveries which
confirmed Dart's
findings, but he
went further than
Dart. Leakey argued
that a number of
man-like species
had existed along-
side each other,
but only one sur-
vived to become
the human race
#
Leakey's findings
did not go
unchallenged by
other anthropo-
logists - in
particular, many
found it hard to
agree that more
than one species
of early human
once walked our
planet. Today,
anthropologists
accept at least
one other man-like
species coexisted
with our ancestors
#
In 1967 Leakey
claimed that apes
and humans, while
they have common
ancestry, took
separate paths
millions of years
earlier than anyone
previously thought.
Leakey's research
also confirmed -
as Charles Darwin
had suggested -
that East Africa
was the cradle of
human civilisation
@